wiki.bash-hackers.org/syntax/ccmd/intro.md

====== Bash compound commands ======

The main part of Bash's syntax are the so-called compound commands. They're called like that because they use "real" commands ( simple commands or lists) and knit some intelligence around them. That is what the essential "Bash language" is made of.

===== Command grouping =====

• grouping: grouping_plain
• grouping again: grouping_subshell

===== Conditional reactions =====

Note that conditionals can also be scripted using list, which are syntax elements, not commands.

• the "new" test command: conditional_expression
• if-clause: if_clause
• case statement: case

===== Loops =====

• classic_for
• c_for
• while_loop
• until_loop

===== Misc =====

• math: arithmetic_eval