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730 lines
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730 lines
52 KiB
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<body class="default dokuwiki mode_source tpl_bootstrap3 home dw-page-on-panel dw-fluid-container" data-page-id="start"><!-- BEGIN WAYBACK TOOLBAR INSERT -->
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<div id="wm-ipp-base" lang="en" style="display:none;direction:ltr;">
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<iframe id="donato-if" src="https://archive.org/includes/donate.php?as_page=1&platform=wb&referer=https%3A//web.archive.org/web/20220930131429/https%3A//wiki.bash-hackers.org/start%3Fdo%3Dedit"
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<div style="display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap;align-items:flex-end;">
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<a class="t" href="/web/20220930131429*/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit" title="See a list of every capture for this URL">22 captures</a>
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<div class="r" title="Timespan for captures of this URL">03 Apr 2016 - 24 Feb 2023</div>
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</div>
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<div class="k">
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<a href="" id="wm-graph-anchor">
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<div id="wm-ipp-sparkline" title="Explore captures for this URL" style="position: relative">
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<canvas id="wm-sparkline-canvas" width="700" height="27" border="0"></canvas>
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</a>
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<div class="n">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<!-- NEXT/PREV MONTH NAV AND MONTH INDICATOR -->
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<tr class="m">
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<td class="b" nowrap="nowrap"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220625202433/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit" title="25 Jun 2022"><strong>Jun</strong></a></td>
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<td class="c" id="displayMonthEl" title="You are here: 13:14:29 Sep 30, 2022">SEP</td>
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<td class="f" nowrap="nowrap"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230224010517/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit" title="24 Feb 2023"><strong>Feb</strong></a></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="d">
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<td class="b" nowrap="nowrap"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220625202433/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit" title="20:24:33 Jun 25, 2022"><img src="/_static/images/toolbar/wm_tb_prv_on.png" alt="Previous capture" width="14" height="16" border="0" /></a></td>
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<td class="c" id="displayDayEl" style="width:34px;font-size:22px;white-space:nowrap;" title="You are here: 13:14:29 Sep 30, 2022">30</td>
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<td class="f" nowrap="nowrap"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230224010517/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit" title="01:05:17 Feb 24, 2023"><img src="/_static/images/toolbar/wm_tb_nxt_on.png" alt="Next capture" width="14" height="16" border="0" /></a></td>
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</tr>
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<!-- NEXT/PREV YEAR NAV AND YEAR INDICATOR -->
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<tr class="y">
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<td class="b" nowrap="nowrap"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210808162204/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit" title="08 Aug 2021"><strong>2021</strong></a></td>
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<td class="c" id="displayYearEl" title="You are here: 13:14:29 Sep 30, 2022">2022</td>
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<td class="f" nowrap="nowrap">2023</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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<span class="xxs">
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<div id="wm-save-snapshot-success">success</div>
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<div id="wm-save-snapshot-fail">fail</div>
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<a id="wm-save-snapshot-open" href="#" title="Share via My Web Archive" >
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<span class="iconochive-web"></span>
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</a>
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<a href="https://archive.org/account/login.php" title="Sign In" id="wm-sign-in">
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<span class="iconochive-person"></span>
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</a>
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id="wm-screenshot"
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title="screenshot">
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<span class="iconochive-movies"></span>
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</a>
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<a id="wm-share-facebook" href="#" data-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20220930131429/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit" title="Share on Facebook" style="margin-right:5px;" target="_blank"><span class="iconochive-facebook" style="color:#3b5998;font-size:160%;"></span></a>
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<a id="wm-share-twitter" href="#" data-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20220930131429/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit" title="Share on Twitter" style="margin-right:5px;" target="_blank"><span class="iconochive-twitter" style="color:#1dcaff;font-size:160%;"></span></a>
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</div>
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<div style="padding-right:2px;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;">
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<a id="wm-expand" class="wm-btn wm-closed" href="#expand" onclick="__wm.ex(event);return false;"><span id="wm-expand-icon" class="iconochive-down-solid"></span> <span class="xxs" style="font-size:80%;">About this capture</span></a>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div id="wm-capinfo" style="border-top:1px solid #777;display:none; overflow: hidden">
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<div id="wm-capinfo-notice" source="api"></div>
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<div id="wm-capinfo-collected-by">
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<div style="background-color:#666;color:#fff;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">COLLECTED BY</div>
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<div style="padding:3px;position:relative" id="wm-collected-by-content">
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<div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:49%;">
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<span class="c-logo" style="background-image:url(https://archive.org/services/img/commoncrawl)"></span>
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<div>Collection: <a style="color:#33f;" href="https://archive.org/details/commoncrawl" target="_new"><span class="wm-title">Common Crawl</span></a></div>
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<div style="max-height:75px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;">
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<div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:75px;background:linear-gradient(to bottom,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 90%,rgba(255,255,255,255) 100%);"></div>
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Web crawl data from Common Crawl.
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div id="wm-capinfo-timestamps">
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<div style="background-color:#666;color:#fff;font-weight:bold;text-align:center" title="Timestamps for the elements of this page">TIMESTAMPS</div>
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<div>
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<div id="wm-capresources" style="margin:0 5px 5px 5px;max-height:250px;overflow-y:scroll !important"></div>
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<div id="wm-capresources-loading" style="text-align:left;margin:0 20px 5px 5px;display:none"><img src="/_static/images/loading.gif" alt="loading" /></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></div><div id="wm-ipp-print">The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20220930131429/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit</div>
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<script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[
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__wm.bt(700,27,25,2,"web","https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=edit","20220930131429",1996,"/_static/",["/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt","/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=qtvMKcIJ"], false);
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__wm.rw(1);
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//]]></script>
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<div class="dw-container container-fluid mx-5">
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<button class="navbar-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">
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<span class="icon-bar"></span>
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<span class="icon-bar"></span>
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<span class="icon-bar"></span>
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<a class="navbar-brand d-flex align-items-center" href="/web/20220930131429/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start" accesskey="h" title="Bash Hackers Wiki"><img id="dw__logo" class="pull-left h-100 mr-4" alt="Bash Hackers Wiki" src="/web/20220930131429im_/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/lib/tpl/bootstrap3/images/logo.png"/><div class="pull-right"><div id="dw__title">Bash Hackers Wiki</div></div></a>
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<div class="collapse navbar-collapse">
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<div class="navbar-right" id="dw__navbar_items">
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<div class="input-group-btn">
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<button class="btn btn-default" type="submit" title="Search">
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<a href="" class="dropdown-toggle" data-target="#" data-toggle="dropdown" title="" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="iconify" data-icon="mdi:wrench"></span> <span class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm">Tools</span> <span class="caret"></span>
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</a>
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<ul class="dropdown-menu tools" role="menu">
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<span class="iconify" data-icon="mdi:account"></span> User Tools </li>
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<li class="action"><a href="/web/20220930131429/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=register" title="Register" rel="nofollow" class="menuitem register"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15 14c-2.67 0-8 1.33-8 4v2h16v-2c0-2.67-5.33-4-8-4m-9-4V7H4v3H1v2h3v3h2v-3h3v-2m6 2a4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4z"/></svg><span>Register</span></a></li><li class="action"><a href="/web/20220930131429/https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start?do=login&sectok=" title="Log In" rel="nofollow" class="menuitem login"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 17.25V14H3v-4h7V6.75L15.25 12 10 17.25M8 2h9a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v16a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4h2v4h9V4H8v4H6V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2z"/></svg><span>Log In</span></a></li>
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[[bash4|]]~~NOTOC~~
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~~DISCUSSION:off~~
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====== The Bash Hackers Wiki ======
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{{keywords>bash shell linux scripting}}
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<WRAP center round box 90%>
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This wiki is intended to hold documentation of any kind about GNU Bash. The main motivation was to provide //human-readable documentation// and information so users aren't forced to read every bit of the Bash manpage - which can be difficult to understand. However, the docs here are **not** meant as a newbie tutorial.
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This wiki and any programs found in this wiki are free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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This wiki and its programs are distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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[[wishes | What would YOU like to see here?]] (outdated and locked, please use the discussions)
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**Stranger!** [[http://wiki.bash-hackers.org/start&do=register | Feel free to register]] and comment or edit the contents. There is a [[meta:need_love|Bash Hackers Wiki needs love page]] that lists some things to do. The registration is only there to prevent SPAM.
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</WRAP>
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===== Scripting and general information =====
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* [[bash4 | Bash v4 - a rough overview]] (unmaintained, since Bash 4 is more or less standard)
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* [[scripting:style]] -- an assorted collection of style and optic hints
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* [[scripting:basics]]
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* [[scripting:newbie_traps]]
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* [[scripting:bashbehaviour]]
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* [[scripting:posparams]]
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* [[scripting:processtree]]
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* [[scripting:obsolete]]
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* [[scripting:nonportable]]
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* [[scripting:debuggingtips]]
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* [[scripting:terminalcodes]]
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* [[scripting:tutoriallist]]
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===== Code snippets ====
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There is a [[snipplets:start|section that holds small code snippets]].
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See also [[misc:readthesourceluke|some Bash source code excerpts]].
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===== How to.... =====
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[[howto:start | Doing specific tasks: concepts, methods, ideas]]:
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* [[howto:mutex | Simple locking (against parallel run)]]
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* [[howto:conffile | Rudimentary config files for your scripts]]
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* [[howto:edit-ed | Editing files with ed(1)]]
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* [[howto:collapsing_functions | Collapsing Functions]]
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* [[howto:redirection_tutorial | Illustrated Redirection Tutorial]]
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* [[howto:calculate-dc | Calculate with dc(1)]]
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* [[howto:pax | Introduction to pax - the POSIX archiver]]
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* [[howto:getopts_tutorial]] (//under construction!//)
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* [[howto:dissectabadoneliner]] An example of a bad oneliner, breakdown and fix (by ''kojoro'')
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* [[howto:testing-your-scripts | Write tests for ./your-script.sh]] by using bashtest util
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===== Bash syntax and operations =====
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* [[scripting:bashchanges | Bash features overview by version]]
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* [[syntax:basicgrammar | Basic grammar rules ]]
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* [[syntax:quoting | Quoting and character escaping]]
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* [[syntax:grammar:parser_exec | Parsing and execution]]
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* [[syntax:words | Some words about words...]]
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* [[syntax:pattern | Patterns and pattern matching]]
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* [[syntax:arith_expr | Arithmetic expressions]]
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* [[internals:shell_options | List of shell options]]
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* [[syntax:redirection | Redirection]]
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* [[syntax:shellvars | Special parameters and shell variables]]
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* [[syntax:arrays | Arrays]]
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<WRAP column 40%>
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//**__Compound commands__**//
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^**[[syntax:ccmd:intro | Compound commands overview]]** ^^
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^Grouping ^^
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|''{ ...; }''|[[syntax:ccmd:grouping_plain | command grouping]]|
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|''( ... )''|[[syntax:ccmd:grouping_subshell | command grouping in a subshell]]|
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^Conditionals ^^
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|''<nowiki>[[ ... ]]</nowiki>''|[[syntax:ccmd:conditional_expression | conditional expression]]|
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|''if ...; then ...; fi''|[[syntax:ccmd:if_clause | conditional branching]]|
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|''case ... esac''|[[syntax:ccmd:case | pattern-based branching]]|
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^Loops ^^
|
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|''for word in ...; do ...; done''|[[syntax:ccmd:classic_for | classic for-loop]]|
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|''<nowiki>for ((x=1; x<=10; x++)); do ...; done</nowiki>''|[[syntax:ccmd:c_for | C-style for-loop]]|
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|''while ...; do ...; done''|[[syntax:ccmd:while_loop | while loop]]|
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|''until ...; do ...; done''|[[syntax:ccmd:until_loop | until loop]]|
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^Misc ^^
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|''<nowiki>(( ... ))</nowiki>''|[[syntax:ccmd:arithmetic_eval | arithmetic evaluation]]|
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|''select word in ...; do ...; done''|[[syntax:ccmd:user_select | user selections]]|
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</WRAP>
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<WRAP column 40%>
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//**__Expansions and substitutions__**//
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^**[[syntax:expansion:intro | Introduction to expansions and substitutions]]** ^^
|
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|''{A,B,C} {A..C}''|[[syntax:expansion:brace | Brace expansion]]|
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|''~/ ~root/''|[[syntax:expansion:tilde | Tilde expansion]]|
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|''$FOO ${BAR%.mp3}''|[[syntax:pe | Parameter expansion]]|
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|''`command` $(command)''|[[syntax:expansion:cmdsubst | Command substitution]]|
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|''<(command) >(command)''|[[syntax:expansion:proc_subst | Process substitution]]|
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|''<nowiki>$((1 + 2 + 3)) $[4 + 5 + 6]</nowiki>''|[[syntax:expansion:arith | Arithmetic expansion]]|
|
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|''Hello <nowiki><---></nowiki> Word!''|[[syntax:expansion:wordsplit | Word splitting]]|
|
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|''/data/*-av/*.mp?''|[[syntax:expansion:globs | Pathname expansion]]|
|
|
</WRAP>
|
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<WRAP clear></WRAP>
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|
|
===== Builtin Commands =====
|
|
|
|
This is a selection of builtin commands and command-like keywords, loosely arranged by their common uses. These are provided directly by the shell, rather than invoked as standalone external commands.
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|
<WRAP column 46%>
|
|
^ Declaration commands\\ <wrap center round lo todo box 80%>Commands that set and query attributes/types, and manipulate simple datastructures.</wrap> ^^ Alt ^ Type ^
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:declare | declare]]|Display or set shell variables or functions along with attributes.| ''typeset'' | builtin |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:export | export]]|Display or set shell variables, also giving them the export attribute.| ''typeset -x'' | special builtin |
|
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|[[commands:builtin:eval | eval]]|Evaluate arguments as shell code.| - | special builtin |
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|
|[[commands:builtin:local | local]]|Declare variables as having function local scope.| - | builtin |
|
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|[[commands:builtin:readonly | readonly]]|Mark variables or functions as read-only.| ''typeset -r'' | special builtin |
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|[[commands:builtin:unset | unset]]|Unset variables and functions.| - | special builtin |
|
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|[[commands:builtin:shift | shift]]|Shift positional parameters| - | special builtin |
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^ I/O\\ <wrap center round lo todo box 80%>Commands for reading/parsing input, or producing/formatting output of standard streams.</wrap> ^^ Alt ^ Type ^
|
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|[[syntax:keywords:coproc | coproc]]|Co-processes: Run a command in the background with pipes for reading / writing its standard streams.| - | keyword |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:echo | echo]]|Create output from arguments.| - | builtin |
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|[[commands:builtin:mapfile | mapfile]]|Read lines of input into an array.| ''readarray'' | builtin |
|
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|[[commands:builtin:printf | printf]]|"advanced ''echo''."| - | builtin |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:read | read]]|Read input into variables or arrays, or split strings into fields using delimiters.| - | builtin |
|
|
^ Configuration and Debugging\\ <wrap center round lo todo box 80%>Commands that modify shell behavior, change special options, assist in debugging.</wrap> ^^ Alt ^ Type ^
|
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|[[commands:builtin:caller | caller]]|Identify/print execution frames.| - | builtin |
|
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|[[commands:builtin:set | set]]|Set the positional parameters and/or set options that affect shell behaviour.| - | special builtin |
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|[[commands:builtin:shopt | shopt]]|set/get some bash-specific shell options.| - | builtin |
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</WRAP>
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<WRAP column 46%>
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^ Control flow and data processing\\ <wrap center round lo todo box 80%>Commands that operate on data and/or affect control flow.</wrap> |^ Alt ^ Type ^
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| [[commands:builtin:true| colon]] | "true" null command. | true | special builtin |
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| [[commands:builtin:source| dot]] | Source external files. | source | special builtin |
|
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| [[commands:builtin:false| false]] | Fail at doing nothing. | - | builtin |
|
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| [[commands:builtin:continueBreak| continue / break]] | continue with or break out of loops. | - | special builtin |
|
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| [[commands:builtin:let| let]] | Arithmetic evaluation simple command. | - | builtin |
|
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| [[commands:builtin:return| return]] | Return from a function with a specified exit status. | - | special builtin |
|
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| [[commands:classictest| []] | The classic ''test'' simple command. | test | builtin |
|
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^ Process and Job control\\ <wrap center round lo todo box 80%>Commands related to jobs, signals, process groups, subshells.</wrap> |^ Alt ^ Type ^
|
|
| [[commands:builtin:exec| exec]] | Replace the current shell process or set redirections. | - | special builtin |
|
|
| [[commands:builtin:exit| exit]] | Exit the shell. | - | special builtin |
|
|
| [[commands:builtin:kill| kill]] | Send a signal to specified process(es) | - | builtin |
|
|
| [[commands:builtin:trap| trap]] | Set signal handlers or output the current handlers. | - | special builtin |
|
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| [[commands:builtin:times| times]] | Display process times. | - | special builtin |
|
|
| [[commands:builtin:wait| wait]] | Wait for background jobs and asynchronous lists. | - | builtin |
|
|
^ |^ Alt ^ Type ^
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</WRAP>
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<WRAP clear></WRAP>
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<WRAP hide> previous alphabetical version
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<WRAP column 40%>
|
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^A-G^^
|
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|[[commands:builtin:caller | caller]]|identify/print execution frames (Bash builtin) |
|
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|[[syntax:keywords:coproc | coproc]]|Co-processes (Bash keyword) |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:declare | declare]]|display or set shell variables or functions along with attributes (Bash builtin, synonym: ''typeset'') |
|
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|[[commands:builtin:exec | exec]] | replace the shell, set redirections (Bash builtin) |
|
|
^I-N^^
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:let | let]]|arithmetic evaluation - an old fashioned way (Bash builtin) |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:mapfile | mapfile]]|Mapping lines of input to an array, also named ''readarray'' (Bash builtin) |
|
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</WRAP>
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<WRAP column 40%>
|
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^O-T^^
|
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|[[commands:builtin:printf | printf]]|"advanced ''echo''" (Bash builtin) |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:read | read]]|getting input from ''stdin'' (Bash builtin) |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:readonly | readonly]]|mark variables or functions as read-only (Bash builtin) |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:set | set]]|control positional parameters and shell behaviour (Bash builtin) |
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:shopt | shopt]]|set/get shell options (Bash builtin) |
|
|
|[[commands:classictest | test]]|the classic ''test'' command (Bash builtin) |
|
|
^U-Z^^
|
|
|[[commands:builtin:unset | unset]]|unset variables and functions (Bash builtin) |
|
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</WRAP>
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<WRAP clear></WRAP>
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</WRAP>
|
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===== Dictionary ======
|
|
|
|
<note tip>A list of expressions, words, and their meanings is [[dict:index | here]].</note>
|
|
|
|
===== Links =====
|
|
|
|
==== Official Bash links ====
|
|
|
|
* [[http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/bashtop.html|Chet Ramey's Bash page]] and its [[http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/FAQ|FAQ]].
|
|
* [[http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/ | GNU Bash software page]]
|
|
* Official Bash mailing lists:
|
|
* **Bug reports**: <bug-bash@gnu.org> ([[http://mail.gnu.org/pipermail/bug-bash|archives]])
|
|
* **General questions**: <help-bash@gnu.org> ([[http://mail.gnu.org/pipermail/help-bash|archives]])
|
|
* Official Bash git repository:
|
|
* **Browse**: [[http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/bash.git | cgit]]
|
|
* **Clone**: //git:// <nowiki>ssh://git.sv.gnu.org/srv/git/bash.git</nowiki> • //ssh:// <nowiki>ssh://git.sv.gnu.org/srv/git/bash.git</nowiki> • //http:// <nowiki>http://git.savannah.gnu.org/r/bash.git</nowiki>
|
|
|
|
==== Recommended Shell resources ====
|
|
|
|
* [[http://mywiki.wooledge.org/ | Greg's wiki]] - Greg Wooledge's (aka "greycat") wiki -- with **MASSIVE** information about Bash and UNIX(r) in general.
|
|
* [[http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ | BashFAQ]] • [[http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide | BashGuide]] • [[http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashPitfalls | BashPitfalls]] • [[http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashSheet | BashSheet]]
|
|
* [[http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/ | Sven Mascheck's pages]] - A goldmine of information. A must-read.
|
|
* [[https://www.mirbsd.org/ksh-chan.htm | #ksh channel page]] - #ksh Freenode channel page maintains a solid collection of recommended links.
|
|
* [[http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/ | The Grymoire Unix pages]] - Good scripting information, especially read the [[http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Quote.html | quoting]] guide.
|
|
* [[http://www.shelldorado.com | Heiner's "Shell Dorado"]] - Tips, tricks, links - for every situation.
|
|
* [[http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/ | The Single Unix Specification (version 4, aka POSIX-2008)]]
|
|
* [[http://www.opengroup.org/austin/ | The Austin Group]] - [[ http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.comp.standards.posix.austin.general | List archives ]], [[ http://austingroupbugs.net/main_page.php | Bug tracker ]]
|
|
* [[http://cfajohnson.com/shell/cus-faq.html | comp.unix.shell FAQ]]
|
|
* [[https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/index.html | Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide]] - last update: 10 Mar 2014, but still very useful guide.
|
|
|
|
|
|
=== Documentation / Reference ===
|
|
|
|
* **Bash**: [[http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/bash.html | man page]] [[http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/bashref.html | info page]]
|
|
* **AT&T ksh**: [[http://www2.research.att.com/sw/download/man/man1/ksh88.html | ksh88]] [[http://www2.research.att.com/sw/download/man/man1/ksh.html | ksh93]]
|
|
* [[https://www.mirbsd.org/htman/i386/man1/mksh.htm | mksh]] (pdksh successor)
|
|
* [[http://zsh.sourceforge.net/Doc/ | zsh]]
|
|
* [[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/dash.1.html | dash]]
|
|
* [[http://heirloom.sourceforge.net/man/sh.1.html | Heirloom Bourne shell]]
|
|
* [[http://v6shell.org/man/osh.1.html | Thompson shell]]
|
|
|
|
==== Assorted interesting links ====
|
|
|
|
* [[http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/bourne/ | History and development of the traditional Bourne shell family]] - very interesting and nice to read!
|
|
* [[http://www.computerworld.com.au/article/222764/-z_programming_languages_bash_bourne-again_shell | Interview with Chet Ramey]]
|
|
* [[http://www.computerworld.com.au/article/279011/a-z_programming_languages_sh | Interview with Steve Bourne]] • [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kEJoWfobpA | Stephen Bourne - BSDCan 2015 keynote]]
|
|
* [[http://news.slashdot.org/story/01/02/06/2030205/david-korn-tells-all | Interview with David Korn]]
|
|
* [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bKzonnwoR2I | Kernighan on the Unix pipeline (computerphile video)]]
|
|
* Linux in general, with some shell related stuff: [[http://www.cyberciti.biz/ | nixCraft: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials and Ideas]]
|
|
* Linux tutorials, guides and how-tos: [[https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/ | RoseHosting Blog]], [[https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/script-install-wordpress-on-a-debianubuntu-vps/ | bash script for installing WordPress]] and some [[https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/basic-shell-commands-after-putty-ssh-logon/ | basic shell commands]]
|
|
* [[misc:bashphorisms | Bashphorism list from the Bash IRC channel on Freenode]]
|
|
* [[misc:shell_humor | Some more or less funny commandline stuff]]
|
|
* [[https://thishosting.rocks/how-to-enable-ssh-on-ubuntu/ | How to Enable SSH on Ubuntu Tutorial]]
|
|
* [[https://linuxstans.com/how-to-make-an-awesome-custom-shell-with-zsh/ | How To Make an Awesome Custom Shell with ZSH]]
|
|
==== Bash Libraries (needs review) ====
|
|
|
|
* [[http://sourceforge.net/projects/oobash/ | An oo-style bash library for bash 4]] - provides tools for rapid script development and huge libraries.
|
|
* [[https://github.com/hornos/shf3 | General purpose shell framework for bash 4]] - in development.
|
|
* [[https://github.com/chilicuil/learn/blob/master/sh/lib| General purpose bash library for bash 4]] - active development
|
|
|
|
<div hide>
|
|
===== Most wanted =====
|
|
|
|
^Statistics for Month: **April 2012**^^^
|
|
|Rank | Views | Article |
|
|
^1 | 6833|[[howto:getopts_tutorial]] (March: 11663) |
|
|
^2 | 4025|[[commands:builtin:printf]] (March: 7079) |
|
|
^3 | 2861|[[syntax:quoting]] (March: 5730) |
|
|
^4 | 2854|[[commands:classictest]] (March: 6145) |
|
|
^5 | 2222|[[syntax:pe]] (March: 4540) |
|
|
^6 | 1760|[[scripting:posparams]] (March: 3591) |
|
|
^7 | 1249|[[bash4]] (March: --) |
|
|
^8 | 1212|[[howto:edit-ed]] (March: 2727) |
|
|
^9 | 1205|[[commands:builtin:read]] (March: --) |
|
|
^10 | 1182|[[howto:mutex]] (March: --) |
|
|
|
|
* "Total visits": 35144
|
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* The overall "start" page is not counted
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</div>
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===== Contact =====
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<WRAP column 40%>
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If you have critiques or suggestions, please feel free to send a mail using the contact form on the right. Note that there is a simple discussion option below every article.
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<ul class="list-inline"><li><span class="iconify text-muted" data-icon="mdi:file-document-outline"></span> <span title="start.txt">start.txt</span></li><li><span class="iconify text-muted" data-icon="mdi:calendar"></span> Last modified: <span title="2022/09/30 12:54">2022/09/30 12:54</span></li><li class="text-muted">by <bdi>hirnsushi</bdi></li></ul> </span>
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