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<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><link href=https://flokoe.github.io/bash-hackers-wiki/internals/shell_options/ rel=canonical><link href=../../howto/testing-your-scripts/ rel=prev><link href=../../misc/bashphorisms/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.5.40"><title>List of shell options - The Bash Hackers Wiki</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.8c3ca2c6.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.06af60db.min.css><link rel=preconnect href=https://fonts.gstatic.com crossorigin><link rel=stylesheet href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:300,300i,400,400i,700,700i%7CRoboto+Mono:400,400i,700,700i&display=fallback"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"Roboto Mono"}</style><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#list-of-shell-options class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="The Bash Hackers Wiki" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="The Bash Hackers Wiki" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> The Bash Hackers Wiki </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> List of shell options </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio 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33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8M97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </div> <div class=md-source__repository> flokoe/bash-hackers-wiki </div> </a> </div> </nav> </header> <div class=md-container data-md-component=container> <nav class=md-tabs aria-label=Tabs data-md-component=tabs> <div class=md-grid> <ul class=md-tabs__list> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../.. class=md-tabs__link> Start </a> </li> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../../commands/classictest/ class=md-tabs__link> Commands </a> </li> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../../dict/directory/ class=md-tabs__link> Dict </a> </li> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../../howto/calculate-dc/ class=md-tabs__link> Howto </a> </li> <li class="md-tabs__item md-tabs__item--active"> <a href=./ class=md-tabs__link> Internals </a> </li> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../../misc/bashphorisms/ class=md-tabs__link> Misc </a> </li> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../../scripting/bashbehaviour/ class=md-tabs__link> Scripting </a> </li> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../../snipplets/ class=md-tabs__link> Snipplets </a> </li> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../../syntax/arith_expr/ class=md-tabs__link> Syntax </a> </li> <li class=md-tabs__item> <a href=../../tags/ class=md-tabs__link> Tags </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <main class=md-main data-md-component=main> <div class="md-main__inner md-grid"> <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--primary" data-md-component=sidebar data-md-type=navigation> <div class=md-sidebar__scrollwrap> <div class=md-sidebar__inner> <nav class="md-nav md-nav--primary md-nav--lifted" 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3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8M97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </div> <div class=md-source__repository> flokoe/bash-hackers-wiki </div> </a> </div> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../.. class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Start </span> </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_2> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_2 id=__nav_2_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Commands </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_2_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_2> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Commands </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/classictest/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The classic test command </span> </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_2_2> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_2_2 id=__nav_2_2_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Builtin </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=2 aria-labelledby=__nav_2_2_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_2_2> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Builtin </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/caller/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The caller builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/cd/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The cd builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/declare/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The declare builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/echo/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The echo builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/eval/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The eval builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/exec/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The exec builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/exit/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The exit builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/export/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The export builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/kill/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The kill builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/let/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The let builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/local/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The local builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/mapfile/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The mapfile builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/printf/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The printf command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/read/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The read builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/readonly/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The readonly builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/return/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The return builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/set/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The set builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/shift/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The shift builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/shopt/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The shopt builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/trap/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The trap builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/unset/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The unset builtin command </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../commands/builtin/wait/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The wait builtin command </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_3> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_3 id=__nav_3_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Dict </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_3_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_3> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Dict </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/directory/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Directory </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/end_of_options/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> End of Options </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/exit_status/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Exit Status </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/file/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> File </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/filetimes/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> File timestamp </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/globbing/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Globbing </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/hardlink/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Hardlink </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/interpreter_directive/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Interpreter Directive </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/parameter/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Parameter </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/posix/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> POSIX </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/shell/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Shell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/special_file/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Special file </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../dict/symlink/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Symlink </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_4> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_4 id=__nav_4_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Howto </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_4_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_4> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Howto </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/calculate-dc/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Calculating with dc </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/collapsing_functions/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Collapsing Functions </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/conffile/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Config files for your script </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/dissectabadoneliner/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Dissect a bad oneliner </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/edit-ed/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Editing files via scripts with ed </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/getopts_tutorial/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Small getopts tutorial </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/mutex/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Lock your script (against parallel execution) </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/pax/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> pax - the POSIX archiver </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/redirection_tutorial/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Illustrated Redirection Tutorial </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../howto/testing-your-scripts/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Testing your scripts </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_5 checked> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_5 id=__nav_5_label tabindex> <span class=md-ellipsis> Internals </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_5_label aria-expanded=true> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_5> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Internals </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type=checkbox id=__toc> <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for=__toc> <span class=md-ellipsis> List of shell options </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <a href=./ class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active"> <span class=md-ellipsis> List of shell options </span> </a> <nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents"> <label class=md-nav__title for=__toc> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Table of contents </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-component=toc data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#shell-options class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Shell options </span> </a> <nav class=md-nav aria-label="Shell options"> <ul class=md-nav__list> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#autocd class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> autocd </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#assoc_expand_once class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> assoc_expand_once </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#cdable_vars class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> cdable_vars </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#cdspell class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> cdspell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#checkhash class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> checkhash </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#checkjobs class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> checkjobs </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#checkwinsize class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> checkwinsize </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#cmdhist class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> cmdhist </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat31 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat31 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat32 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat32 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat40 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat40 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat41 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat41 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat42 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat42 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat43 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat43 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat44 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat44 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#direxpand class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> direxpand </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#dirspell class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> dirspell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#dotglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> dotglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#execfail class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> execfail </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#expand_aliases class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> expand_aliases </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#extdebug class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> extdebug </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#extglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> extglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#extquote class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> extquote </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#failglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> failglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#force_fignore class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> force_fignore </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#globasciiranges class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> globasciiranges </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#globstar class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> globstar </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#gnu_errfmt class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> gnu_errfmt </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#histappend class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> histappend </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#histreedit class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> histreedit </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#histverify class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> histverify </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#hostcomplete class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> hostcomplete </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#huponexit class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> huponexit </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#interactive_comments class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> interactive_comments </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#lastpipe class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> lastpipe </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#lithist class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> lithist </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#localvar_inherit class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> localvar_inherit </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#login_shell class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> login_shell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#mailwarn class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> mailwarn </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#no_empty_cmd_completion class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> no_empty_cmd_completion </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#nocaseglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> nocaseglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#nocasematch class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> nocasematch </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#nullglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> nullglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#progcomp class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> progcomp </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#promptvars class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> promptvars </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#restricted_shell class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> restricted_shell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#shift_verbose class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> shift_verbose </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#sourcepath class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> sourcepath </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#syslog_history class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> syslog_history </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#xpg_echo class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> xpg_echo </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#parser-configurations class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Parser configurations </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#see-also class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> See also </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_6> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_6 id=__nav_6_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Misc </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_6_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_6> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Misc </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../misc/bashphorisms/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The Bashphorisms </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../misc/readthesourceluke/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Readthesourceluke </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../misc/shell_humor/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Shell Humor </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_7> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_7 id=__nav_7_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Scripting </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_7_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_7> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Scripting </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/bashbehaviour/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Bash's behaviour </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/bashchanges/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Bash changes </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/basics/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The basics of shell scripting </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/debuggingtips/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Debugging a script </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/newbie_traps/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Beginner Mistakes </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/nonportable/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Portability talk </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/obsolete/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Obsolete and deprecated syntax </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/posparams/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Handling positional parameters </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/processtree/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Bash and the process tree </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/style/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Scripting with style </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../scripting/terminalcodes/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Terminal codes (ANSI/VT100) introduction </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_8> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_8 id=__nav_8_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Snipplets </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_8_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_8> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Snipplets </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Small code snipplets </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/add_color_to_your_scripts/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Add Color to your scripts </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/awkcsv/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Using awk to deal with CSV that uses quoted/unquoted delimiters </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/filesize/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Show size of a file </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/kill_bg_job_without_message/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Kill a background job without a message </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/largestfile/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Get largest file </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/pause_command/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Pausing a script (like MSDOS pause command) </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/prargs/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Print argument list for testing </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/print_horizontal_line/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Print a horizontal line </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/rndstr/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Print a random string or select random elements </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/screen_saverestore/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Save and restore terminal/screen content </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/ssh_fetchkeys/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Fetching SSH hostkeys without interaction </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/ssh_local_var/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Run some bash commands with SSH remotely using local variables </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/wrapperargs/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Generate code with own arguments properly quoted </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../snipplets/xclip/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> X-Clipboard on Commandline </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_9> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_9 id=__nav_9_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Syntax </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=1 aria-labelledby=__nav_9_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_9> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Syntax </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/arith_expr/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Arithmetic expressions </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/arrays/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Arrays </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/basicgrammar/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Basic grammar rules of Bash </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/pattern/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Patterns and pattern matching </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/pe/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Parameter expansion </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/quoting/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Quotes and escaping </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/redirection/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Redirection </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/shellvars/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Special parameters and shell variables </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/words/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Words... </span> </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_9_10> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_9_10 id=__nav_9_10_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Ccmd </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=2 aria-labelledby=__nav_9_10_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_9_10> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Ccmd </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/arithmetic_eval/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Arithmetic evaluation (command) </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/c_for/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The C-style for-loop </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/case/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The case statement </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/classic_for/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The classic for-loop </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/conditional_expression/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The conditional expression </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/grouping_plain/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Grouping commands </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/grouping_subshell/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Grouping commands in a subshell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/if_clause/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The if-clause </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/intro/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Bash compound commands </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/until_loop/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The until loop </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/user_select/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> User selections </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/ccmd/while_loop/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The while-loop </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_9_11> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_9_11 id=__nav_9_11_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Expansion </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=2 aria-labelledby=__nav_9_11_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_9_11> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Expansion </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/expansion/arith/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Arithmetic expansion </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/expansion/brace/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Brace expansion </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/expansion/cmdsubst/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Command substitution </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/expansion/globs/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Pathname expansion (globbing) </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/expansion/intro/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Expansions and substitutions </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/expansion/proc_subst/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Process substitution </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/expansion/tilde/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Tilde expansion </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/expansion/wordsplit/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Word splitting </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_9_12> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_9_12 id=__nav_9_12_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Grammar </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=2 aria-labelledby=__nav_9_12_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_9_12> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Grammar </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/grammar/parser_exec/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Parser exec </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type=checkbox id=__nav_9_13> <label class=md-nav__link for=__nav_9_13 id=__nav_9_13_label tabindex=0> <span class=md-ellipsis> Keywords </span> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <nav class=md-nav data-md-level=2 aria-labelledby=__nav_9_13_label aria-expanded=false> <label class=md-nav__title for=__nav_9_13> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Keywords </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../syntax/keywords/coproc/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> The coproc keyword </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=../../tags/ class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Tags </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component=sidebar data-md-type=toc> <div class=md-sidebar__scrollwrap> <div class=md-sidebar__inner> <nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents"> <label class=md-nav__title for=__toc> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Table of contents </label> <ul class=md-nav__list data-md-component=toc data-md-scrollfix> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#shell-options class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Shell options </span> </a> <nav class=md-nav aria-label="Shell options"> <ul class=md-nav__list> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#autocd class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> autocd </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#assoc_expand_once class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> assoc_expand_once </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#cdable_vars class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> cdable_vars </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#cdspell class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> cdspell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#checkhash class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> checkhash </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#checkjobs class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> checkjobs </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#checkwinsize class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> checkwinsize </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#cmdhist class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> cmdhist </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat31 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat31 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat32 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat32 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat40 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat40 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat41 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat41 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat42 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat42 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat43 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat43 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#compat44 class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> compat44 </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#direxpand class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> direxpand </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#dirspell class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> dirspell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#dotglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> dotglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#execfail class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> execfail </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#expand_aliases class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> expand_aliases </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#extdebug class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> extdebug </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#extglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> extglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#extquote class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> extquote </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#failglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> failglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#force_fignore class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> force_fignore </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#globasciiranges class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> globasciiranges </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#globstar class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> globstar </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#gnu_errfmt class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> gnu_errfmt </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#histappend class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> histappend </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#histreedit class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> histreedit </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#histverify class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> histverify </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#hostcomplete class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> hostcomplete </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#huponexit class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> huponexit </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#interactive_comments class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> interactive_comments </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#lastpipe class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> lastpipe </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#lithist class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> lithist </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#localvar_inherit class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> localvar_inherit </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#login_shell class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> login_shell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#mailwarn class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> mailwarn </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#no_empty_cmd_completion class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> no_empty_cmd_completion </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#nocaseglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> nocaseglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#nocasematch class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> nocasematch </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#nullglob class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> nullglob </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#progcomp class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> progcomp </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#promptvars class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> promptvars </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#restricted_shell class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> restricted_shell </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#shift_verbose class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> shift_verbose </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#sourcepath class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> sourcepath </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#syslog_history class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> syslog_history </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#xpg_echo class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> xpg_echo </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#parser-configurations class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> Parser configurations </span> </a> </li> <li class=md-nav__item> <a href=#see-also class=md-nav__link> <span class=md-ellipsis> See also </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class=md-content data-md-component=content> <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset"> <nav class=md-tags> <a href=../../tags/#bash class=md-tag>bash</a> <a href=../../tags/#shell class=md-tag>shell</a> <a href=../../tags/#scripting class=md-tag>scripting</a> <a href=../../tags/#options class=md-tag>options</a> <a href=../../tags/#runtime class=md-tag>runtime</a> <a href=../../tags/#variable class=md-tag>variable</a> <a href=../../tags/#behaviour class=md-tag>behaviour</a> </nav> <a href=https://github.com/flokoe/bash-hackers-wiki/edit/main/docs/internals/shell_options.md title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 20H6V4h7v5h5v3.1l2-2V8l-6-6H6c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4zm10.2-7c.1 0 .3.1.4.2l1.3 1.3c.2.2.2.6 0 .8l-1 1-2.1-2.1 1-1c.1-.1.2-.2.4-.2m0 3.9L14.1 23H12v-2.1l6.1-6.1z"/></svg> </a> <a href=https://github.com/flokoe/bash-hackers-wiki/raw/main/docs/internals/shell_options.md title="View source of this page" class="md-content__button md-icon"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 18c.56 0 1 .44 1 1s-.44 1-1 1-1-.44-1-1 .44-1 1-1m0-3c-2.73 0-5.06 1.66-6 4 .94 2.34 3.27 4 6 4s5.06-1.66 6-4c-.94-2.34-3.27-4-6-4m0 6.5a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-2.5 2.5M9.27 20H6V4h7v5h5v4.07c.7.08 1.36.25 2 .49V8l-6-6H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4.5a8.2 8.2 0 0 1-1.23-2"/></svg> </a> <h1 id=list-of-shell-options>List of shell options<a class=headerlink href=#list-of-shell-options title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1> <p>This information was taken from a Bash version "<code>4.1</code>", every now and then new options are added, so likely, this list isn't complete.</p> <p>The shell-options can be set with the <a href=../../commands/builtin/shopt/ >shopt builtin command</a>.</p> <h2 id=shell-options>Shell options<a class=headerlink href=#shell-options title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <h3 id=autocd>autocd<a class=headerlink href=#autocd title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>autocd</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive only</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is executed as if it were the argument to the cd command.</p> <h3 id=assoc_expand_once>assoc_expand_once<a class=headerlink href=#assoc_expand_once title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>assoc_expand_once</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">5.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash attempts to expand associative array options only once.</p> <h3 id=cdable_vars>cdable_vars<a class=headerlink href=#cdable_vars title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>cdable_vars</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Treat every <strong>non-directory argument</strong> to the <code>cd</code>-command as variable name containing a directory to <code>cd</code> into.</p> <h3 id=cdspell>cdspell<a class=headerlink href=#cdspell title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>cdspell</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive only</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a cd command will be corrected. The errors checked for are transposed characters, a missing character, and one character too many. If a correction is found, the corrected file name is printed, and the command proceeds.</p> <h3 id=checkhash>checkhash<a class=headerlink href=#checkhash title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>checkhash</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash checks that a command found in the hash table exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed command no longer exists, a normal path search is performed.</p> <h3 id=checkjobs>checkjobs<a class=headerlink href=#checkjobs title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>checkjobs</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive only</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a second exit is attempted without an intervening command. The shell always postpones exiting if any jobs are stopped.</p> <h3 id=checkwinsize>checkwinsize<a class=headerlink href=#checkwinsize title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>checkwinsize</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">on</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash checks the window size after each command and, if necessary, updates the values of the variables <a href=../../syntax/shellvars/#LINES>LINES</a> and <a href=../../syntax/shellvars/#COLUMNS>COLUMNS</a>.</p> <h3 id=cmdhist>cmdhist<a class=headerlink href=#cmdhist title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>cmdhist</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash attempts to save all lines of a multiple-line command in the same history entry. This allows easy re-editing of multi-line commands.</p> <h3 id=compat31>compat31<a class=headerlink href=#compat31 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>compat31</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">3.2</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Compatiblity mode for Bash 3.1</p> <h3 id=compat32>compat32<a class=headerlink href=#compat32 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>compat32</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.0</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Compatiblity mode for Bash 3.2</p> <h3 id=compat40>compat40<a class=headerlink href=#compat40 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>compat40</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.1-beta</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Compatiblity mode for Bash 4.0</p> <h3 id=compat41>compat41<a class=headerlink href=#compat41 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>compat41</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.2-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Compatiblity mode for Bash 4.1</p> <h3 id=compat42>compat42<a class=headerlink href=#compat42 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>compat42</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.3-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Compatiblity mode for Bash 4.2</p> <h3 id=compat43>compat43<a class=headerlink href=#compat43 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>compat43</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.4-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Compatiblity mode for Bash 4.3</p> <h3 id=compat44>compat44<a class=headerlink href=#compat44 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>compat44</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">5.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Compatiblity mode for Bash 4.4</p> <h3 id=direxpand>direxpand<a class=headerlink href=#direxpand title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>direxpand</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.3-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off (unless changed on compile-time with <code>--enable-direxpand-default</code>)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, bash replaces directory names with the results of word expansion when performing filename completion. This changes the contents of the readline editing buffer. If not set, bash attempts to preserve what the user typed.</p> <h3 id=dirspell>dirspell<a class=headerlink href=#dirspell title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>dirspell</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash will perform spelling corrections on directory names to match a glob.</p> <h3 id=dotglob>dotglob<a class=headerlink href=#dotglob title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>dotglob</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash includes filenames beginning with a <code>.</code> (dot) in the results of <a href=../../syntax/expansion/globs/ >pathname expansion</a>.</p> <h3 id=execfail>execfail<a class=headerlink href=#execfail title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>execfail</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">non-interactive</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it cannot execute the file specified as an argument to the <code>exec</code>-builtin command. An interactive shell does not exit if <code>exec</code> fails.</p> <h3 id=expand_aliases>expand_aliases<a class=headerlink href=#expand_aliases title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>expand_aliases</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">on (interactive), off (non-interactive)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, aliases are expanded. This option is enabled by default for interactive shells.</p> <h3 id=extdebug>extdebug<a class=headerlink href=#extdebug title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>extdebug</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">3.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled.</p> <h3 id=extglob>extglob<a class=headerlink href=#extglob title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>extglob</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">2.02-alpha1</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, the extended <a href=../../syntax/pattern/ >pattern matching</a> features are enabled. See the important note below under <a href=#parser_configurations>Parser configurations</a>.</p> <h3 id=extquote>extquote<a class=headerlink href=#extquote title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>extquote</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">3.0-alpha (?)</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">on</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, <code>$'string'</code> and <code>$"string"</code> quoting is performed within <a href=../../syntax/pe/ >parameter expansions</a> enclosed in double quotes. See the important note below under <a href=#parser_configurations>Parser configurations</a>.</p> <h3 id=failglob>failglob<a class=headerlink href=#failglob title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>failglob</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">3.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during pathname expansion result in an error message.</p> <h3 id=force_fignore>force_fignore<a class=headerlink href=#force_fignore title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>force_fignore</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">3.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">on</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, the suffixes specified by the <a href=../../syntax/shellvars/#FIGNORE>FIGNORE</a> shell variable cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if the ignored words are the only possible completions. This option is enabled by default.</p> <h3 id=globasciiranges>globasciiranges<a class=headerlink href=#globasciiranges title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>globasciiranges</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.3-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">on (configurable at compile time)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, range expressions used in pattern matching behave as if in the traditional C locale when performing comparisons. That is, the current locale's collating sequence is not taken into account, so b will not collate between A and B, and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together.</p> <h3 id=globstar>globstar<a class=headerlink href=#globstar title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>globstar</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, recursive globbing with <code>**</code> is enabled.</p> <h3 id=gnu_errfmt>gnu_errfmt<a class=headerlink href=#gnu_errfmt title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>gnu_errfmt</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">3.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, shell error messages are written in the "standard GNU error message format".</p> <h3 id=histappend>histappend<a class=headerlink href=#histappend title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>histappend</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive (?)</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, the history list is appended to the file named by the value of the <a href=../../syntax/shellvars/#HISTFILE>HISTFILE</a> variable when the shell exits, rather than overwriting the file.</p> <h3 id=histreedit>histreedit<a class=headerlink href=#histreedit title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>histreedit</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive (?)</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, and readline is being used, a user is given the opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.</p> <h3 id=histverify>histverify<a class=headerlink href=#histverify title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>histverify</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive (?)</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Allow to review a history substitution result by loading the resulting line into the editing buffer, rather than directly executing it.</p> <h3 id=hostcomplete>hostcomplete<a class=headerlink href=#hostcomplete title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>hostcomplete</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">2.0-alpha3</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive (?)</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">on</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash completion also completes hostnames. On by default.</p> <h3 id=huponexit>huponexit<a class=headerlink href=#huponexit title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>huponexit</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">2.02-alpha1</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive login</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash will send the <code>SIGHUP</code> signal to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.</p> <h3 id=interactive_comments>interactive_comments<a class=headerlink href=#interactive_comments title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>interactive_comments</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">on</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Allow <a href=../../scripting/basics/#comments>commenting</a> in interactive shells, on by default.</p> <h3 id=lastpipe>lastpipe<a class=headerlink href=#lastpipe title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>lastpipe</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">4.2-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, <strong>and job control is not active</strong>, the shell runs the last command of a pipeline not executed in the background in the current shell environment.</p> <h3 id=lithist>lithist<a class=headerlink href=#lithist title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>lithist</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, and the <a href=#cmdhist>#cmdhist</a> option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.</p> <h3 id=localvar_inherit>localvar_inherit<a class=headerlink href=#localvar_inherit title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>localvar_inherit</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">5.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If this option is set, a local variable inherits the value of a variable with the same name at the nearest preceding scope.</p> <h3 id=login_shell>login_shell<a class=headerlink href=#login_shell title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>login_shell</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">2.05a-alpha1</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">n/a</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The option is set when Bash is a login shell. This is a readonly option.</p> <h3 id=mailwarn>mailwarn<a class=headerlink href=#mailwarn title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>mailwarn</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive (?)</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, and a file that Bash is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it was checked, the message "The mail in mailfile has been read" is displayed.</p> <h3 id=no_empty_cmd_completion>no_empty_cmd_completion<a class=headerlink href=#no_empty_cmd_completion title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>mailwarn</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">interactive (?)</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, and readline is being used, Bash will not attempt to search the PATH for possible completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.</p> <h3 id=nocaseglob>nocaseglob<a class=headerlink href=#nocaseglob title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>nocaseglob</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">2.02-alpha1</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash matches filenames in a case-insensitive fashion when performing pathname expansion.</p> <h3 id=nocasematch>nocasematch<a class=headerlink href=#nocasematch title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>nocasematch</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">3.1-alpha1</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash matches patterns in a case-insensitive fashion when performing matching while executing <code>case</code> or <code>[[</code> conditional commands.</p> <h3 id=nullglob>nullglob<a class=headerlink href=#nullglob title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;">Option:</th> <th style="text-align: left;"><code>nullglob</code></th> <th style="text-align: left;">Since:</th> <th style="text-align: left;">unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Shell mode:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">all</td> <td style="text-align: left;">Default:</td> <td style="text-align: left;">off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, Bash allows patterns which match no files to expand to a null string, rather than themselves.</p> <h3 id=progcomp>progcomp<a class=headerlink href=#progcomp title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Option:</th> <th><code>progcomp</code></th> <th>Since:</th> <th>2.04-alpha1</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Shell mode:</td> <td>interactive (?)</td> <td>Default:</td> <td>on</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, the programmable completion facilities are enabled. This option is enabled by default.</p> <h3 id=promptvars>promptvars<a class=headerlink href=#promptvars title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Option:</th> <th><code>promptvars</code></th> <th>Since:</th> <th>unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Shell mode:</td> <td>interactive</td> <td>Default:</td> <td>on</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal after being expanded using the prompt special sequences. This option is enabled by default.</p> <h3 id=restricted_shell>restricted_shell<a class=headerlink href=#restricted_shell title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Option:</th> <th><code>restricted_shell</code></th> <th>Since:</th> <th>2.03-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Shell mode:</td> <td>interactive (?)</td> <td>Default:</td> <td>off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The option is set when Bash is a restricted shell. This is a readonly option.</p> <h3 id=shift_verbose>shift_verbose<a class=headerlink href=#shift_verbose title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Option:</th> <th><code>shift_verbose</code></th> <th>Since:</th> <th>unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Shell mode:</td> <td>all</td> <td>Default:</td> <td>off, on in POSIX mode</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, the shift builtin prints an error message when the shift count exceeds the number of positional parameters.</p> <h3 id=sourcepath>sourcepath<a class=headerlink href=#sourcepath title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Option:</th> <th><code>sourcepath</code></th> <th>Since:</th> <th>unknown</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Shell mode:</td> <td>all</td> <td>Default:</td> <td>on</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, the source builtin command uses the value of PATH to find the directory containing the file supplied as an argument. This option is enabled by default.</p> <h3 id=syslog_history>syslog_history<a class=headerlink href=#syslog_history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Option:</th> <th><code>syslog_history</code></th> <th>Since:</th> <th>5.0-alpha</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Shell mode:</td> <td>unknown</td> <td>Default:</td> <td>off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, the shell history is sent to syslog.</p> <p>This option is undocumented and available only if the shell supports syslog.</p> <h3 id=xpg_echo>xpg_echo<a class=headerlink href=#xpg_echo title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Option:</th> <th><code>xpg_echo</code></th> <th>Since:</th> <th>2.04-beta1</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Shell mode:</td> <td>all</td> <td>Default:</td> <td>off</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If set, the <code>echo</code>-builtin command expands backslash-escape sequences by default (POSIX, SUS, XPG).</p> <h2 id=parser-configurations>Parser configurations<a class=headerlink href=#parser-configurations title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Parser configurations change the way the Bash parser recognizes the syntax when parsing a line. This, of course, is impossible for a line that already was parsed.</p> <p>There are two options that influence the parsing this way:</p> <ul> <li><code>extglob</code></li> <li><code>extquote</code></li> </ul> <p>Consequence: You <strong>can't</strong> use the new syntax (e.g. the extended globbing syntax) and the command to enable it <strong>in the same line</strong>.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>$ shopt -s extglob; echo !(*.txt) # this is the WRONG way!
-bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(&#39;
</code></pre></div> <p>You have to configure the parser <strong>before</strong> a line with new syntax is parsed:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>$ shopt -s extglob # standalone - CORRECT way!
$ echo !(*.txt)
...
</code></pre></div> <h2 id=see-also>See also<a class=headerlink href=#see-also title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Internal: <a href=../../commands/builtin/shopt/ >shopt builtin command</a></li> <li>Internal: <a href=../../commands/builtin/set/ >set builtin command</a></li> </ul> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">October 12, 2024</span> </span> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title=Created> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14.47 15.08 11 13V7h1.5v5.25l3.08 1.83c-.41.28-.79.62-1.11 1m-1.39 4.84c-.36.05-.71.08-1.08.08-4.42 0-8-3.58-8-8s3.58-8 8-8 8 3.58 8 8c0 .37-.03.72-.08 1.08.69.1 1.33.32 1.92.64.1-.56.16-1.13.16-1.72 0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10S2 6.5 2 12s4.47 10 10 10c.59 0 1.16-.06 1.72-.16-.32-.59-.54-1.23-.64-1.92M18 15v3h-3v2h3v3h2v-3h3v-2h-3v-3z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">October 12, 2024</span> </span> </aside> <h2 id=__comments>Comments</h2> <script src=https://giscus.app/client.js data-repo=flokoe/bash-hackers-wiki data-repo-id=R_kgDOJ3Nr6Q data-category="Giscus Page Comments" data-category-id=DIC_kwDOJ3Nr6c4CXq9t data-mapping=pathname data-strict=1 data-reactions-enabled=1 data-emit-metadata=0 data-input-position=top data-theme=preferred_color_scheme data-lang=en data-loading=lazy crossorigin=anonymous async>
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