bash-hackers-wiki/original_source/syntax/ccmd/intro.txt

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====== Bash compound commands ======
The main part of Bash's syntax are the so-called **compound commands**. They're called like that because they use "real" commands ([[syntax:basicgrammar#simple_commands | simple commands]] or [[syntax:basicgrammar#lists | lists]]) and knit some intelligence around them. That is what the essential "Bash language" is made of.
===== Command grouping =====
* grouping: [[grouping_plain | command grouping]]
* grouping again: [[grouping_subshell | command grouping in a subshell]]
===== Conditional reactions =====
Note that conditionals can also be scripted using [[syntax:basicgrammar#lists | list]], which are syntax elements, not commands.
* the "new" test command: [[conditional_expression | conditional expression]]
* if-clause: [[if_clause | conditional branching]]
* case statement: [[case | pattern-based branching]]
===== Loops =====
* [[classic_for | classic for-loop]]
* [[c_for | C-style for-loop]]
* [[while_loop | while loop]]
* [[until_loop | until loop]]
===== Misc =====
* math: [[arithmetic_eval | arithmetic evaluation]]
* menus: [[user_select | user selections]]